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Guides and resources

Practical guides on shelf companies, limited companies, takeover and company documentation.

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Guide

Ultimate beneficial owners in Norwegian limited companies: what must be registered, and why?

Ultimate beneficial owners are the individuals who ultimately own or control a company. This guide explains what Norwegian private limited companies must assess and register, how indirect and foreign ownership should be handled, and why beneficial ownership is closely connected to KYC and company transfers.

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Guide

Shelf company for consultants: the fastest route to your own AS

Starting as an independent consultant and need an AS quickly? Here we explain why a shelf company is especially practical for consultants and freelancers who cannot wait for ordinary registration time.

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Guide

Incorporate yourself or buy a shelf company in Norway – which should you choose?

Should you incorporate a Norwegian AS yourself or buy a shelf company? We compare time, cost, risk and process, and show when each option actually makes sense.

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Guide

The participation exemption: the complete guide to tax-free share income

The participation exemption (fritaksmetoden) exempts limited companies and other qualifying entities from tax on dividends and gains from shares. Here we go in depth on the rules — from who is covered to the requirement of genuine establishment for foreign holding companies.

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Guide

What does a shelf company cost in Norway? Full price overview

What does it actually cost to buy a shelf company in Norway? We walk through fees, share capital, outstanding balance and public charges – and what is actually included in the price.

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Guide

When can directors and general managers be personally liable in a Norwegian limited liability company?

A Norwegian limited liability company provides limited liability, but that protection is not absolute. This guide explains when directors and general managers may be personally liable under section 17-1 of the Norwegian Private Limited Liability Companies Act.

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Guide

Checklist: what to verify before you buy a shelf company

A practical checklist for anyone considering buying a shelf company: what to ask for, what to verify yourself, and warning signs that should make you walk away.

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Guide

Residence Requirements for Directors and CEOs of Norwegian Limited Companies

Norwegian company law sets strict residency rules for CEOs and board members. Many companies are unaware of these requirements – and the serious legal consequences of non-compliance.

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Guide

Holding companies: what they are, and why so many choose this structure

A holding company owns shares in other companies rather than running operations itself. Here we explain what a holding company is, the advantages the structure offers, and when it is actually necessary.

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Guide

What is a shareholders’ agreement, and do you need one when starting a Norwegian limited liability company?

A shareholders’ agreement regulates the relationship between the shareholders of a company. This guide explains what it should include, what it can be used for, and why it is often important when several people start a company together.

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Guide

How should a foreign company establish itself in Norway?

Foreign companies entering Norway can operate through a Norwegian branch, establish a subsidiary, buy a shelf company or use other structures. This guide explains the main alternatives and when each structure may be appropriate.

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Guide

Who Is Liable for Contracts Before a Company Is Registered?

A Norwegian limited company has no legal capacity towards third parties until it is registered in the Register of Business Enterprises. Learn who is personally liable, when the company takes over contracts, and when the counterparty can withdraw.

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Guide

What Must the Board Do When Company Equity Is Too Low?

When equity in a Norwegian limited company falls below a sound level, the board has a statutory duty to act under Section 3-5. Here is what the board must do – and what happens if it fails.

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Guide

When Must the Board Approve Contracts with Shareholders and Management?

Section 3-8 of the Norwegian Companies Act requires board approval for certain contracts between a company and its shareholders or management. Here is what you need to know.

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Guide

General Meetings in Norwegian Limited Companies – Requirements, Deadlines and Procedures

Complete guide to general meetings in Norwegian limited companies: ordinary and extraordinary general meetings, notice, voting rights, meeting formats, simplified procedure, majority requirements, minutes and investigation under Chapter 5 of the Companies Act.

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Guide

What is a shelf company, and when is it worth it?

A shelf company is a pre-registered, inactive limited company ready for immediate takeover. Here we explain how it works, what to check, and when it makes sense.

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